When we had issue with one of the users complaining about his access, we can find easily whether user has access or not with below SOQL
SELECT RecordId,HasReadAccess,HasEditAccess FROM UserRecordAccess WHERE UserId=’00541000005yQ1V’ AND RecordId IN (‘5001L00001J9OC4QAN’)
Salesforce NOOVERRIDE=1
Use /e?nooverride=1 for classic
Use /edit?nooverride=1 for lightning edit
Use /view?nooverride=1 for lightning record view